⚠️

Risk scores are statistical indicators based on prescribing patterns compared to specialty peers. They are NOT allegations of fraud, misconduct, or improper care. Many legitimate medical reasons can explain outlier prescribing.

Read our methodology →

Robert SelfeD.O.

Internal Medicine · Grand Rapids, MI 49503

NPI: 1003038605

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12

🟢 Low

Risk Flags

Elevated cost per beneficiaryExtreme brand-name preference

Risk indicators are statistical patterns, not allegations. Learn more

2,023

Total Claims

$1.9M

Drug Cost

346

Beneficiaries

$5,523

Cost/Patient

Risk Score Breakdown 12/100

Low (0)Moderate (15)Elevated (30)High (50+)
Brand-name preference+8
Cost per patient outlier+3

Score components are additive. Read full methodology

Peer Comparison vs. 110,156 Internal Medicine providers

+291%

Cost per patient vs peers

$5,523 vs $1,411 avg

+671%

Brand preference vs peers

82.0% vs 10.6% avg

⚠️ This provider has metrics more than 3 standard deviations above their specialty average in one or more categories.

Brand vs Generic

18% generic

Brand: 1,432 claims · $1.9M

Generic: 314 claims · $8,185

Top Prescribed Drugs

Drug (Generic)ClaimsCost
Dulaglutide224$399K
Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog236$194K
Insulin Lispro129$176K
Semaglutide86$141K
Insulin Aspart85$135K
Empagliflozin107$122K
Liraglutide45$106K
Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog73$63K
Insulin Lispro50$56K
Insulin Detemir39$54K
Tirzepatide34$54K
Sitagliptin Phosphate40$52K
Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog40$51K
Insulin Lispro15$38K
Dapagliflozin Propanediol25$24K

Prescribing Profile

19

Unique Drugs

$356K

IRA Negotiated Drugs

$700K

GLP-1 Drugs

12.0

Anomaly Score

Patient Profile

67

Avg Age

47%

Female

2.03

Avg Risk Score

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Data from CMS Medicare Part D Prescriber Public Use File, 2023. Risk scores are statistical indicators, not allegations.Methodology · About